{"id":134,"date":"2017-05-22T17:20:38","date_gmt":"2017-05-22T17:20:38","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/hubble.owwwlab.com\/?page_id=134"},"modified":"2025-01-27T11:03:48","modified_gmt":"2025-01-27T19:03:48","slug":"research","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/netrecon.usc.edu\/baker\/research\/","title":{"rendered":"Research"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"wpb-content-wrapper\" id=\"wpb-content-root\"><p>[vc_row][vc_column][vc_single_image image=&#8221;2739&#8243; img_size=&#8221;large&#8221; alignment=&#8221;center&#8221; css=&#8221;&#8221;][vc_column_text css=&#8221;&#8221;]Professor <a href=\"https:\/\/netrecon.usc.edu\/baker\/\">Corey E. Baker<\/a> directs the Network Reconnaissance (NetRecon) Lab at <a href=\"https:\/\/minghsiehece.usc.edu\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">USC<\/a>. The NetRecon Lab investigates full stack systems for distributing, protecting, and authenticating data in opportunistic networking scenarios for remote patient monitoring, smart cities, and natural disasters to improve the livelihood of people. I evaluate real-world applications of opportunistic delay tolerant networks (DTNs) and human centered computing to empower device-to-device (D2D) social networks for crowd sourcing information. Leveraging opportunistic communication provides complementary solutions to traditional networks which are typically dependent upon centralized infrastructures such as the Internet. The goal of my research is to make critical\u00a0 data accessible to vulnerable communities in the midst of intermittent and poor connectivity while minimizing delay.<a name=\"pragmatic\"><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Resilient networking technology that facilitates the flow of information can be deployed in resource-deprived environments and play an instrumental role in disseminating data that can save lives. Reliance on Internet connectivity is detrimental when modern networking technology is unavailable, power outages are frequent, or network connectivity is sparse or non-existent (i.e., rural environments, natural disasters, and developing countries). My current research provides systems and frameworks for building domain specific mobile applications for routing information in vivo to dynamically create delay tolerant online\/offline networks.<\/p>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column][vc_empty_space height=&#8221;100&#8243; tablet_height=&#8221;90&#8243; mobile_height=&#8221;80&#8243;][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n<h1>Sponsorships<\/h1>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text][hubble_logo_grid columns=&#8221;4&#8243; logos=&#8221;%5B%7B%22logo%22%3A%221933%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22url%3Ahttps%253A%252F%252Fwww.nsf.gov%7C%7Ctarget%3A%2520_blank%7Crel%3Anofollow%22%7D%2C%7B%22logo%22%3A%221934%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22url%3Ahttps%253A%252F%252Fwww.nacme.org%7C%7Ctarget%3A%2520_blank%7Crel%3Anofollow%22%7D%5D&#8221;][vc_empty_space height=&#8221;100&#8243; tablet_height=&#8221;90&#8243; mobile_height=&#8221;80&#8243;][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column][vc_empty_space height=&#8221;100&#8243; tablet_height=&#8221;90&#8243; mobile_height=&#8221;80&#8243;][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n<h1>Affiliations<\/h1>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text][hubble_logo_grid columns=&#8221;4&#8243; logos=&#8221;%5B%7B%22logo%22%3A%222757%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22url%3Ahttps%253A%252F%252Fuscnorriscancer.usc.edu%7Ctarget%3A_blank%22%7D%2C%7B%22logo%22%3A%222763%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22url%3Ahttps%253A%252F%252Fusc-dori.org%7Ctarget%3A_blank%22%7D%2C%7B%22logo%22%3A%222759%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22url%3Ahttps%253A%252F%252Fwww.cais.usc.edu%7Ctarget%3A_blank%22%7D%2C%7B%22logo%22%3A%221668%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22url%3Ahttp%253A%252F%252Flaunchhealth.org%7C%7Ctarget%3A%2520_blank%7Crel%3Anofollow%22%7D%2C%7B%22logo%22%3A%221257%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22url%3Ahttp%253A%252F%252Fwww.globalcentra.org%7C%7Ctarget%3A%2520_blank%7Crel%3Anofollow%22%7D%5D&#8221;][vc_empty_space height=&#8221;100&#8243; tablet_height=&#8221;90&#8243; mobile_height=&#8221;80&#8243;][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row css_animation=&#8221;none&#8221; 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items=&#8221;%5B%7B%22title%22%3A%22Designing%20Usable%20Symptom%20Monitoring%20Apps%20for%20Post%20Surgery%20Cancer%20Patients%22%2C%22label%22%3A%222024%22%2C%22content%22%3A%22Routing%20solutions%20do%20not%20solely%20address%20all%20of%20the%20issues%20with%20respect%20to%20providing%20access%20to%20underserved%20communities.%20There%20is%20still%20the%20issue%20of%20current%20distress%20screening%20measures%20not%20being%20designed%20in%20a%20patient-centric%20manner.%20For%20example%2C%20patients%20may%20misinterpret%20how%20to%20complete%20a%20distress%20questionnaire%20or%20symptom%20report.%20Involving%20patients%20in%20the%20design%20process%20of%20a%20distress%20screening%20intervention%20could%20allow%20for%20an%20increased%20perception%20of%20benefits%20by%20patients%2C%20since%20the%20design%20took%20patient%20values%20into%20consideration.%20My%20research%20lab%20designs%20usable%20mobile%20apps%20for%20cancer%20patients%20and%20physicians%20in%20the%20Markey%20Cancer%20Center.%20In%20particular%2C%20the%20NetRecon%20developed%2C%20Assuage%2C%20a%20medical%20research%20platform%20that%20hosts%20multiple%20user%20interfaces%20(UIs)%20for%20capturing%20quality%20of%20life%20survey%20information%20for%20patients.%20For%20example%2C%20Assuage%20has%20four%20UIs%20that%20serve%20as%20digital%20representations%20of%20the%20National%20Comprehensive%20Cancer%20Network%20(NCCN)%20Distress%20Thermometer%20for%20use%20as%20a%20screening%20tool%20for%20recognizing%20distress%20in%20cancer%20patients.%20Assuage%20allows%20the%20aforementioned%20UIs%20to%20be%20assessed%20in%20medical%20IRB%20approved%20pilot%20studies%20and%20for%20objective%20and%20subjective%20(sensor%20data)%20to%20be%20delivered%20to%20physicians%20in%20a%20distributed%20HIPAA%20compliant%20fashion.%20Assuage%20enables%20physicians%20and%20researchers%20to%20explore%20what%20parts%20of%20user%20interfaces%20designed%20with%20Apple&#8217;s%20ResearchKit%2C%20CareKit%2C%20and%20HealthKit%20provide%20suitable%20usability%20without%20the%20need%20of%20patient-centered%20design%20as%20well%20as%20what%20components%20have%20severe%20limitations%20that%20need%20to%20be%20overhauled%20and%20codesigned.%20%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22url%3Ahttps%253A%252F%252Fpreprints.jmir.org%252Fpreprint%252F57801%252Faccepted%7Ctitle%3AReference%2520Paper%22%2C%22icon_type%22%3A%22hubbleicons%22%2C%22icon_fontawesome%22%3A%22fab%20fa-accessible-icon%22%2C%22icon_openiconic%22%3A%22vc-oi%20vc-oi-dial%22%2C%22icon_typicons%22%3A%22typcn%20typcn-adjust-brightness%22%2C%22icon_entypo%22%3A%22entypo-icon%20entypo-icon-note%22%2C%22icon_linecons%22%3A%22vc_li%20vc_li-heart%22%2C%22icon_hubbleicons%22%3A%22oli%20oli-phone2%22%7D%2C%7B%22title%22%3A%22Routing%20for%20Remote%20Patient%20Care%22%2C%22label%22%3A%222023%22%2C%22content%22%3A%22Rural%20communities%20are%20often%20plagued%20with%20higher%20rates%20of%20chronic%20disease%20prevalence%20and%20lower%20access%20to%20clinical%20providers.%20As%20a%20result%2C%20rural%20residents%20have%20less%20access%20to%20health%20services%20than%20their%20urban%20counterparts.%20A%20promising%20solution%20to%20health%20disparity%20in%20rural%20areas%20is%20through%20the%20use%20of%20mobile%20health%20(mHealth)%20solutions%20which%20has%20been%20shown%20to%20improve%20the%20timeliness%20of%20clinical%20decision%20making%2C%20decrease%20the%20length%20of%20hospital%20stays%2C%20and%20reduce%20mortality%20rates.%20Despite%20these%20promising%20results%2C%20and%20national%20efforts%20to%20accelerate%20broadband%20deployment%20in%20underserved%20areas%20of%20the%20US%2C%20rural%20patients%20do%20not%20benefit%20to%20the%20same%20extent%20as%20their%20non-rural%20counterparts%20due%20to%20geographical%20and%20financial%20barriers%20that%20result%20in%20limited%20or%20nonexistent%20access%20to%20broadband%20connectivity.%20Additionally%2C%20the%20prevalent%20design%20of%20mHealth%20solutions%20are%20best%20suited%20for%20areas%20with%20high%20speed%20Internet%2C%20as%20such%20applications%20are%20designed%20based%20on%20the%20premise%20that%20broadband%20is%20available%20and%20accessible%20to%20the%20users.%20To%20address%20rural%20remote%20patient%20monitoring%2C%20the%20NetRecon%20Lab%20investigates%20hybrid%20architectures%20that%20leverages%20minimal%20Internet%20infrastructure%20along%20with%20node%20mobility%20for%20the%20dispersal%20of%20non-emergency%20PHI%20for%20RRPM%20real-world%20rural%20communities.%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22url%3Ahttps%253A%252F%252Fieeexplore.ieee.org%252Fabstract%252Fdocument%252F10230107%7Ctitle%3AReference%2520Paper%7Ctarget%3A_blank%22%2C%22icon_type%22%3A%22hubbleicons%22%2C%22icon_fontawesome%22%3A%22fab%20fa-accessible-icon%22%2C%22icon_openiconic%22%3A%22vc-oi%20vc-oi-dial%22%2C%22icon_typicons%22%3A%22typcn%20typcn-adjust-brightness%22%2C%22icon_entypo%22%3A%22entypo-icon%20entypo-icon-note%22%2C%22icon_linecons%22%3A%22vc_li%20vc_li-heart%22%2C%22icon_hubbleicons%22%3A%22oli%20oli-heart%22%7D%2C%7B%22title%22%3A%22Low%20Cost%20Smart%20Cities%22%2C%22label%22%3A%222022%22%2C%22content%22%3A%22Rapid%20urbanization%20burdens%20city%20infrastructure%20and%20creates%20the%20need%20for%20local%20governments%20to%20maximize%20the%20usage%20of%20resources%20to%20serve%20its%20citizens.%20Smart%20city%20projects%20aim%20to%20alleviate%20the%20urbanization%20problem%20by%20deploying%20a%20vast%20amount%20of%20Internet-of-things%20(IoT)%20devices%20to%20monitor%20and%20manage%20environmental%20conditions%20and%20infrastructure.%20However%2C%20smart%20city%20projects%20can%20be%20extremely%20expensive%20to%20deploy%20and%20manage.%20A%20significant%20portion%20of%20the%20expense%20is%20a%20result%20of%20providing%20Internet%20connectivity%20via%205G%20or%20WiFi%20to%20IoT%20devices.%20We%20propose%20the%20use%20of%20delay%20tolerant%20networks%20(DTNs)%20as%20a%20backbone%20in%20combination%20with%20edge%20computing%20for%20smart%20city%20communication%3B%20enabling%20developing%20communities%20to%20become%20smart%20cities%20at%20a%20fraction%20of%20the%20cost.%20In%20collaboration%20with%20the%20City%20of%20Louisville%2C%20KY%2C%20we%20investigate%20models%20to%20aid%20policy%20makers%20in%20designing%20and%20evaluating%20the%20expected%20performance%20of%20such%20networks.%20To%20demonstrate%20the%20utility%20of%20DTNs%20we%20develop%20a%20distributed%20privacy-conscious%20people%20counter%20over%20existing%20city%20infrastructure.%20%5Cn%3Ch6%3EIntellectual%20Merit%3C%2Fh6%3E%20%5CnResearch%20in%20delay%20tolerant%20networks%20(DTNs)%20and%20opportunistic%20communication%20has%20been%20conducted%20for%20almost%20for%20almost%2020%20years%2C%20yet%20real-world%20evaluations%20and%20deployments%20are%20inadequate%20or%20limited%20to%20simulation%20environments.%20Simulations%20tend%20to%20lead%20to%20unexpected%20real-world%20performance%20due%20to%20the%20complexity%20of%20characterizing%20node%20discovery%2C%20mobility%2C%20message%20delivery%2C%20and%20power%20consumption.%20This%20project%20enables%20real-world%20smart%20city%20deploy-%20ments%20and%20will%20assist%20policy%20makers%20will%20making%20strategic%20financial%20communication%20decisions%20based%20on%20quality%20of%20service%20(QoS)%20requirements%20of%20smart%20city%20data%20instead%20of%20depending%20on%20cellular%20infrastructure%20that%20may%20be%20underutilized.%20%5Cn%3Ch6%3EBroader%20Impacts%3C%2Fh6%3E%20%5CnThe%20research%20and%20technology%20developed%20in%20this%20proposal%20enables%20developing%20communities%2C%20rural%20areas%2C%20and%20developed%20cities%20to%20become%20smart%20cities%20at%20a%20reduced%20cost.%20Because%20of%20the%20proposed%20situations%2C%20it%20is%20a%20valuable%20tool%20in%20scenarios%20where%20government%20budgets%20are%20limited%2C%20centralized%20communications%20have%20been%20temporarily%20disabled%20or%20congested%20(such%20as%20in%20bad%20weather%20events%20and%20natural%20disasters).%20The%20potential%20impact%20of%20the%20proposed%20innovations%20can%20provide%20important%20connectivity%20to%20citizens%2C%20hospitals%2C%20and%20safety%20personnel%20in%20rural%20areas%20where%20infrastructure%20is%20limited%20and%20to%20low-income%20users%20who%20would%20benefit%20from%20smart%20city%20applications%2C%20but%20cannot%20afford%20the%20costs%20of%20standard%20Internet%20service.%20In%20addition%2C%20widespread%20adoption%20of%20low-cost%20smart%20cities%20could%20relieve%20congestion%20on%20overburdened%20networks%20in%20heavily%20populated%20areas%20without%20the%20need%20to%20build%20expensive%20new%20infrastructure%2C%20allowing%20municipal%20leaders%20to%20maximize%20smart%20city%20potential%20without%20incurring%20excessive%20costs.%20%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22url%3Ahttps%253A%252F%252Fsccvo.org%252Fprojects%252Flow-cost-smart-cities-designing-affordable-smart-cities-all-communities%7Ctitle%3ANSF%2520Presentation%2520%2526%2520Poster%7Ctarget%3A_blank%22%2C%22icon_type%22%3A%22hubbleicons%22%2C%22icon_fontawesome%22%3A%22fab%20fa-accessible-icon%22%2C%22icon_openiconic%22%3A%22vc-oi%20vc-oi-dial%22%2C%22icon_typicons%22%3A%22typcn%20typcn-adjust-brightness%22%2C%22icon_entypo%22%3A%22entypo-icon%20entypo-icon-note%22%2C%22icon_linecons%22%3A%22vc_li%20vc_li-heart%22%2C%22icon_hubbleicons%22%3A%22oli%20oli-streetsign%22%7D%5D&#8221;][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][vc_empty_space height=&#8221;100&#8243; tablet_height=&#8221;80&#8243; mobile_height=&#8221;70&#8243;][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row full_width=&#8221;stretch_row&#8221; parallax=&#8221;content-moving-fade&#8221; css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1713138790382{background-image: url(https:\/\/netrecon.usc.edu\/baker\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/sc_banner_darker-e1713138734660.jpg?id=2649) !important;}&#8221;][vc_column][vc_empty_space height=&#8221;130px&#8221; tablet_height=&#8221;80&#8243; mobile_height=&#8221;70&#8243;][hubble_call_to_action heading=&#8221;Interested in Joining the Lab?&#8221; subheading=&#8221;The NetReconLab is always looking for motivated students&#8221; use_icon=&#8221;&#8221; theme=&#8221;dark-theme&#8221; btn_url=&#8221;url:https%3A%2F%2Fnetrecon.usc.edu%2Fbaker%2Fprospective-researcher%2F|title:Contact&#8221;][vc_empty_space height=&#8221;130px&#8221; tablet_height=&#8221;80&#8243; mobile_height=&#8221;70&#8243;][\/vc_column][\/vc_row]<\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>[vc_row][vc_column][vc_single_image image=&#8221;2739&#8243; img_size=&#8221;large&#8221; alignment=&#8221;center&#8221; css=&#8221;&#8221;][vc_column_text css=&#8221;&#8221;]Professor Corey E. Baker directs the Network Reconnaissance (NetRecon) Lab at USC. The NetRecon Lab investigates full stack systems for distributing, protecting, and authenticating data in opportunistic networking scenarios for remote patient monitoring, smart cities, and natural disasters to improve the livelihood of people. I evaluate real-world applications of opportunistic [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":3,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_exactmetrics_skip_tracking":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-134","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/P8Y4AP-2a","jetpack-related-posts":[],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_likes_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/netrecon.usc.edu\/baker\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/134","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/netrecon.usc.edu\/baker\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/netrecon.usc.edu\/baker\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/netrecon.usc.edu\/baker\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/netrecon.usc.edu\/baker\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=134"}],"version-history":[{"count":123,"href":"https:\/\/netrecon.usc.edu\/baker\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/134\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2920,"href":"https:\/\/netrecon.usc.edu\/baker\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/134\/revisions\/2920"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/netrecon.usc.edu\/baker\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=134"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}